The landscape of retail trading has shifted more in the last three years than in the previous thirty. AI-driven systems now account for the majority of volume across crypto markets and a growing share ...

All methods return VaR as a *positive* number (i.e. loss convention). Expected Shortfall (ES) is computed alongside VaR where applicable. heteroscedastic financial time series: an extreme value ...

--parameters '{"fast_period": 10, "slow_period": 20}' ...

Abstract: In the propulsion and electrical systems of more-electric aircraft (MEA), the switched reluctance motor (SRM) is regarded as one of the key motor topologies due to its simple structure, high ...