Shoulder instability occurs when the arm’s ball joint moves in and out of the shoulder socket joint. Chronically unstable shoulders can lead to loose shoulder joints that slip out of place repeatedly.

Effective characterisation of atomic-scale dislocations is important to understand a crystalline material’s physical properties, its processing or natural history, or its suitability for certain ...

Physical therapy and medications are often the first treatment for shoulder injuries. However, shoulder surgery is also an option to repair joints, rotator cuffs, or dislocations, to name a few. The ...